在centos上設(shè)置hdfs(hadoop分布式文件系統(tǒng))的安全措施,一般包含以下幾步:
1. Hadoop的安裝與配置
首先,要保證Hadoop已安裝并且HDFS已正確配置。
安裝Hadoop
sudo yum install hadoop
HDFS配置
修改/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml文件中的HDFS基礎(chǔ)參數(shù),例如:
<configuration><property><name>dfs.replication</name><value>3</value></property><property><name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name><value>/var/hadoop/hdfs/namenode</value></property><property><name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name><value>/var/hadoop/hdfs/datanode</value></property></configuration>
2. Kerberos認(rèn)證的配置
Kerberos是HDFS常見的安全認(rèn)證方式。
Kerberos的安裝
sudo yum install krb5-server krb5-workstation
Kerberos初始化
sudo kdb5_util create -r /var/krb5kdc/principal -s sudo systemctl start krb5kdc sudo systemctl enable krb5kdc
Kerberos客戶端配置
編輯/etc/krb5.conf文件,設(shè)定Kerberos客戶端參數(shù):
[libdefaults] default_realm = YOUR.REALM.COM dns_lookup_realm = false dns_lookup_kdc = false ticket_lifetime = 24h renew_lifetime = 7d forwardable = true [realms] YOUR.REALM.COM = { kdc = kdc.your.realm.com:88 admin_server = kdc.your.realm.com:749 } [domain_realm] .your.realm.com = YOUR.REALM.COM your.realm.com = YOUR.REALM.COM
Kerberos主體創(chuàng)建
sudo kadmin.local -q "addprinc -randkey hdfs/kdc.your.realm.com@YOUR.REALM.COM" sudo kadmin.local -q "ktadd -k /var/krb5kdc/hdfs.keytab hdfs/kdc.your.realm.com@YOUR.REALM.COM"
3. HDFS安全模式的配置
修改/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml文件,開啟Kerberos認(rèn)證:
<configuration><property><name>hadoop.security.authentication</name><value>kerberos</value></property><property><name>hadoop.security.authorization</name><value>true</value></property></configuration>
4. HDFS權(quán)限的配置
編輯/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml文件,設(shè)定HDFS的權(quán)限及ACL:
<configuration><property><name>dfs.permissions.enabled</name><value>true</value></property><property><name>dfs.namenode.acls.enabled</name><value>true</value></property></configuration>
5. Hadoop服務(wù)重啟
sudo systemctl restart hadoop-namenode sudo systemctl restart hadoop-datanode sudo systemctl restart hadoop-secondarynamenode
6. 配置驗(yàn)證
利用kinit命令獲取Kerberos票證,并嘗試訪問(wèn)HDFS:
kinit hdfs/kdc.your.realm.com@YOUR.REALM.COM hdfs dfs -ls /
依照上述步驟,你應(yīng)該能在centos上成功配置HDFS的安全策略。請(qǐng)依據(jù)你的具體要求和環(huán)境做出相應(yīng)調(diào)整。
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