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lshw
lshw 這個(gè)命令是一個(gè)比較通用的工具，它可以詳細(xì)的列出本機(jī)的硬件信息。但這個(gè)命令并非所有的發(fā)行版都有，比如 Fedora 就默認(rèn)沒(méi)有，需要自己安裝。
lshw 可以從各個(gè) /proc 文件中提取出硬件信息，比如：CPU、內(nèi)存、usb 控制器、硬盤(pán)等。如果不帶選項(xiàng)的話，列出的信息將很長(zhǎng)，加上 -short 選項(xiàng)時(shí)，將只列出概要信息。
[alvin@VM_0_16_centos?~]$?sudo?lshw?-short #篇幅關(guān)系，以下結(jié)果有刪減 H/W?path????????????Device??????Class??????????Description ========================================================== ????????????????????????????????system?????????Bochs /0??????????????????????????????bus????????????Motherboard /0/0????????????????????????????memory?????????96KiB?BIOS /0/401??????????????????????????processor??????Intel(R)?Xeon(R)?CPU?E5-26xx?v4 /0/1000?????????????????????????memory?????????2GiB?System?Memory /0/1000/0???????????????????????memory?????????2GiB?DIMM?RAM /0/100??????????????????????????bridge?????????440FX?-?82441FX?PMC?[Natoma] /0/100/1????????????????????????bridge?????????82371SB?PIIX3?ISA?[Natoma/Triton?II] /0/100/1.1/0.1.0????/dev/cdrom??disk???????????QEMU?DVD-ROM /0/100/1.2/1????????usb1????????bus????????????UHCI?Host?Controller /0/100/1.3??????????????????????bridge?????????82371AB/EB/MB?PIIX4?ACPI /0/100/4/0/1????????/dev/vda1???volume?????????49GiB?EXT3?volume /0/100/5????????????????????????generic????????Virtio?memory?balloon /0/100/5/0??????????????????????generic????????Virtual?I/O?device /0/1????????????????????????????system?????????PnP?device?PNP0b00 /0/2????????????????????????????input??????????PnP?device?PNP0303
lscpu
lscpu 可以列出本機(jī)的 CPU 的相關(guān)信息，該命令沒(méi)有任何選項(xiàng)及參數(shù)。
[alvin@VM_0_16_centos?~]$?lscpu Architecture:??????????x86_64 CPU?op-mode(s):????????32-bit,?64-bit Byte?Order:????????????Little?Endian CPU(s):????????????????1 On-line?CPU(s)?list:???0 Thread(s)?per?core:????1 Core(s)?per?socket:????1 Socket(s):?????????????1 NUMA?node(s):??????????1 Vendor?ID:?????????????GenuineIntel CPU?family:????????????6 Model:?????????????????79 Model?name:????????????Intel(R)?Xeon(R)?CPU?E5-26xx?v4 Stepping:??????????????1 CPU?MHz:???????????????2399.988 BogoMIPS:??????????????4799.97 Hypervisor?vendor:?????KVM Virtualization?type:???full L1d?cache:?????????????32K L1i?cache:?????????????32K L2?cache:??????????????4096K NUMA?node0?CPU(s):?????0
lsusb
lsusb 列出與本機(jī)相連的所有 USB 設(shè)備的信息。默認(rèn)情況下，只列出概要信息，使用 -v 選項(xiàng)可以列出每一個(gè) USB 口的詳細(xì)信息。
[alvin@VM_0_16_centos?~]$?lsusb Bus?001?Device?003:?ID?0424:ec00?Standard?Microsystems?Corp.?SMSC9512/9514?Fast?Ethernet?Adapter Bus?001?Device?002:?ID?0424:9514?Standard?Microsystems?Corp.?SMC9514?Hub Bus?001?Device?001:?ID?1d6b:0002?linux?Foundation?2.0?root?hub
lsscsi
lsscsi 可以列出諸如硬盤(pán)/光驅(qū)等 SCSI/SATA 設(shè)備信息。
[alvin@VM_0_16_centos?~]$?lsscsi [0:0:1:0]????cd/dvd??QEMU?????QEMU?DVD-ROM?????1.2.??/dev/sr0
lspci
lspci 列出所有 PCI 總線，以及與 PCI 總線相連的所有設(shè)備的詳細(xì)信息，比如 VGA 適配器、顯卡、網(wǎng)絡(luò)適配器、usb 端口、SATA 控制器等。
[alvin@VM_0_16_centos?~]$?lspci 00:00.0?Host?bridge:?Intel?Corporation?440FX?-?82441FX?PMC?[Natoma]?(rev?02) 00:01.0?ISA?bridge:?Intel?Corporation?82371SB?PIIX3?ISA?[Natoma/Triton?II] 00:01.1?IDE?interface:?Intel?Corporation?82371SB?PIIX3?IDE?[Natoma/Triton?II] 00:01.2?USB?controller:?Intel?Corporation?82371SB?PIIX3?USB?[Natoma/Triton?II]?(rev?01) 00:01.3?Bridge:?Intel?Corporation?82371AB/EB/MB?PIIX4?ACPI?(rev?03) 00:02.0?VGA?compatible?controller:?Cirrus?Logic?GD?5446 00:03.0?Ethernet?controller:?Red?Hat,?Inc?Virtio?network?device 00:04.0?SCSI?storage?controller:?Red?Hat,?Inc?Virtio?block?device 00:05.0?Unclassified?device?[00ff]:?Red?Hat,?Inc?Virtio?memory?balloon
df
df 命令可以列出不同分區(qū)的大小，使用情況，使用率，掛載點(diǎn)等信息，加上 -h 選項(xiàng)可以以 k, M, G 等單位表示大小，否則默認(rèn)是字節(jié)，不容易閱讀。
[alvin@VM_0_16_centos?~]$?df?-h Filesystem??????Size??Used?Avail?Use%?Mounted?on /dev/vda1????????50G??7.5G???40G??16%?/ devtmpfs????????911M?????0??911M???0%?/dev tmpfs???????????920M???68K??920M???1%?/dev/shm tmpfs???????????920M??364K??920M???1%?/run tmpfs???????????920M?????0??920M???0%?/sys/fs/cgroup tmpfs???????????184M?????0??184M???0%?/run/user/0 tmpfs???????????184M?????0??184M???0%?/run/user/1001 tmpfs???????????184M?????0??184M???0%?/run/user/1000
free
free命令可以查看系統(tǒng)中使用的、閑置的和 RAM 的總體數(shù)量，一般帶上 -m 參數(shù)。
[alvin@VM_0_16_centos?~]$?free?-m ??????????????total????????used????????free??????shared??buff/cache???available Mem:???????????1839?????????221?????????156???????????0????????1461????????1400 Swap:?????????????0???????????0???????????0
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