一、當前互聯網主流web服務
靜態服務：
1.apache—中小型靜態web服務的主流，web服務器中的老大哥
2.nginx—大型新型網絡靜態web服務主流，web服務器中的初生牛犢
3.lighttpd—靜態web服務不溫不火，逐漸被淘汰的意味，社區不活躍，效率很高。
立即學習“PHP免費學習筆記（深入）”；
動態服務：
1.IIS(Internet information services)—微軟的web服務器（asp、aspx）
2.tomcat—中小企業動態web服務主流，互聯網java容器主流（jsp，do）
3.resin—大型動態網站web服務主流，互聯網java容器主流（jsp，do）
4.php（fcgi）—大中小網站，php程序的解析容器
??a.配合apache，php不是守護進程，而是mod_php5.so(module)
??b.配合nginx，lighttpd，php守護進程模式，FCGI模式。
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二、apache的安裝
1.首先確定安裝httpd服務（yum install httpd -y）
確定：yum install gcc gcc++ zlib zlib-devel -y
2.安裝apache（地址上官網上找）
apache源碼編譯：
./configure?–prefix=/application/apache2.2.32?
–enable-expires
–enable-headers
–enable-modules=most
–enable-so
–with-mpm=worker
–enable-deflate
–enable-rewrite
make &&make install
3.啟動apache服務：
1）查看apache語法是否可行：[root@localhost local]# /application/apache/bin/apachectl -t
2）啟動apache服務：[root@localhost local]# /application/apache/bin/apachectl start
3）查看是否啟動apache服務：lsof -i:80或者ps -ef|grep apache
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it works 表示成功
如果不ok檢查端口，防火墻，selinux，進程
strace追蹤進程的命令
修改編譯內容在/application/apache/htdocs/下 有index.html
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三、/application/apache目錄結構
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apache優化1.把root@localhost conf]# vi httpd.conf 里的Index前面加-號或者直接刪除
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/application/apache/conf/extra 三個重點文件
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四、虛擬主機
1.虛擬主機：部署多個站點，每個站點希望用不同的域名和站點目錄，或者是不同的端口，不同的IP的時候需要虛擬主機。
一句話，一個http服務要配置多個站點，就需要虛擬機。
虛擬機分類：
a.基于域名
b.基于端口
c.基于IP
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2.搭建虛擬機（基于域名）
域名 ??????????????????站點目錄
www.etiantian.org????????/var/html/www
blog.etiantian.org ???????/var/html/blog
bbs.etiantian.org ????????/var/html/bbs
創建主頁文件：
[root@localhost apache]# mkdir /var/html/{www,blog,bbs} -p
[root@localhost apache]# touch /var/html/{www,blog,bbs}/index.html
[root@localhost apache]# for name in www blog bbs;do echo “http://$name.etiantian.org” >/var/html/$name/index.html;done
[root@localhost apache]# for name in www blog bbs;do cat /var/html/$name/index.html;done
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vim /application/apache/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
ServerAdmin 928939638@qq.com
DocumentRoot “/var/html/www”
ServerName www.etiantian.org
ServerAlias etiantian.org
ErrorLog “logs/www-error_log”
CustomLog “logs/www-access_log” common
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ServerAdmin 928939638@qq.com
DocumentRoot “/var/html/blog”
ServerName blog.etiantian.org
ErrorLog “logs/blog-error_log”
CustomLog “logs/blog-access_log” common
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ServerAdmin 928939638@qq.com
DocumentRoot “/var/html/bbs”
ServerName bbs.etiantian.org
ErrorLog “logs/bbs-error_log”
CustomLog “logs/bbs-access_log” common
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vim /application/apache/conf/httpd.conf（去點下兩行注釋）
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[root@localhost extra]# /application/apache/bin/apachectl -t
Syntax OK
檢查語法
[root@localhost extra]# /application/apache/bin/apachectl graceful 重啟apache
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vim /application/apache/conf/httpd.conf 在最末行加入下面的內容：
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
以上配置是防止403出錯，之后檢查語法是否錯誤(有錯誤查看
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修改windows本地system32 drives hosts （192.168.76.128 www.etiantian.org blog.etiantian.org bbs.etiantian.org
）
[root@localhost extra]# grep “^Include” /application/apache/conf/httpd.conf
Include conf/extra/httpd-mpm.conf
Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
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一．mysql
創建mysql：useradd mysql -g mysql -M -s /sbin/nologin
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mysql的編譯：
./configure –prefix=/application/mysql5.1.72
–with-unix-socket-path=/application/mysql5.1.72/tmp/mysql.sock
–localstatedir=/application/mysql5.1.72/data
–enable-assembler
–enable-thread-safe-client
–with-mysqld-user=mysql
–with-big-tables
–without-debug
–with-pthread
–enable-assembler
–with-extra-charsets=complex
–with-readline
–with-ssl
–with-embedded-server
–enable-local-infile
–with-plugins=partition,innobase
–with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static
–with-client-ldflags=-all-static
yum -y install ncurses-devel（出錯解決方案）
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root@localhost application]# cd /home/cai/tools/
[root@localhost tools]# cd mysql-5.1.72/support-files/
[root@localhost support-files]# cp my-small.cnf /etc/my.cnf
cp：是否覆蓋”/etc/my.cnf”？ y
[root@localhost support-files]# cd /etc/
[root@localhost etc]# less my.cnf
[root@localhost etc]# mkdir /application/mysql/date -p
[root@localhost etc]# chown -R mysql.mysql /application/mysql
[root@localhost etc]#/application/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db –basedir=/application/mysql –datadir=/application/mysql/data/ –user=mysql
Installing MySQL system tables…
170314 20:15:22 [Warning] ‘–skip-locking’ is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Please use ‘–skip-external-locking’ instead.
OK
Filling help tables…
170314 20:15:22 [Warning] ‘–skip-locking’ is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Please use ‘–skip-external-locking’ instead.
OK
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To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system
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PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:
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/application/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password ‘new-password’
/application/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h localhost.localdomain password ‘new-password’
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Alternatively you can run:
/application/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation
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which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default. This is
strongly recommended for production servers.
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See the manual for more instructions.
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You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd /application/mysql ; /application/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe &
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You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd /application/mysql/mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl
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Please report any problems with the /application/mysql/scripts/mysqlbug script!
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啟動mysql ：/application/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe &（啟動服務注意添加到開機自啟動）
[root@localhost support-files]# netstat -lntup|grep mysql （確認是否啟動了該服務）
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vi /etc/profile在最后添加用戶一行
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關閉：
mysqladmin shutdown
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/application/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h localhost.localdomain password ‘new-password’ 設置密碼
mysql -uroot -p（設置過密碼后登錄mysql的方法）
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二、php
LAMP下的php
apache==》libphp5.so
nginx php==》fcgi php-
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yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers（需要安裝的各種庫）
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yum install zlib libxml libjpeg freetype libpng gd curl libiconv zlib-devel libxml2-devel libjpeg-devel freetype-devel libpng-devel gd-devel curl-devel -y（oldboy里的）
libiconv庫需要（編譯安裝）
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php編譯：
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./configure
–prefix=/application/php5.3.27
–with-apxs2=/application/apache/bin/apxs
–with-mysql=/application/mysql
–with-xmlrpc
–with-openssl
–with-zlib
–with-freetype-dir
–with-gd
–with-jpeg-dir
–with-png-dir
–with-iconv=/usr/local/libiconv
–enable-short-tags
–enable-sockets
–enable-zend-multibyte
–enable-soap
–enable-mbstring
–enable-static
–enable-gd-native-ttf
–with-curl
–with-xsl
–enable-ftp
–with-libxml-dir
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[root@localhost php]# ll /application/apache/modules/
總用量 23908
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 9262 4月 15 09:27 httpd.exp
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 24465701 4月 15 10:15?libphp5.so
[root@localhost php]# grep libphp5 /application/apache/conf/httpd.conf
LoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5.so
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配置php文件：
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有兩個，一個是生產環境 一個是開發環境（測試環境）
[root@localhost php-5.3.27]# diff php.ini-development php.ini-production
[root@localhost php-5.3.27]# cp php.ini-production /application/php/lib/php.ini
小結：正式配置文件一般關閉顯示LOG，不輸出LOG
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配置apache支持php
vim /application/apache/conf/httpd.conf 修改98行 ServerName 192.168.76.128：80
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vim /application/apache/conf/httpd.conf 在311行下添加兩行
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php .phtml
AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps
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user daemon 修改為其他的 底下的也該（默認的大家都知道必須修改）
166行 修改為
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[root@localhost conf]# diff httpd.conf httpd.conf.ori
67,68c67,68
—
> User daemon
> Group daemon
168c168
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> DirectoryIndex index.html
320,321d319
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添加www用戶：useradd www -s /sbin/nologin -M
[root@localhost conf]# /application/apache/bin/apachectl graceful 重啟apache服務
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測試php 在以建的虛擬機中 /var/html/blog vi index.php
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[root@localhost blog]# cat index.php
phpinfo();
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出現這個界面表示php+apache成功
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vi /var/html/blog/index.php
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//$link_id=mysql_connect(‘主機名’,’用戶’,’密碼’);
$link_id=mysql_connect(‘localhost’,’root’,’oldboy123′) or mysql_error();
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if($link_id){
echo “mysql successful by oldboy !”;
}else{
echo mysql_error();
}
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上界面表示mysql成功
